Kevin Baungartner, MD

Kevin Baumgartner, MD

Director, Toxicology Quality Improvement; Assistant Professor, Emergency Medicine

Research Summary

Kevin Baumgartner is Assistant Professor of Emergency Medicine in the Division of Medical Toxicology at Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine. Dr. Baumgartner is a clinical researcher who studies the safe and effective use of sedatives and psychoactive medications in acute medical care. Areas of active focus include post-intubation sedation in the emergency department, sedation for undifferentiated agitation, and acute management of withdrawal and substance use disorders. Dr. Baumgartner is currently supported by the departmental Emergency Care Research Scholars Program and a junior investigator grant from the American Academy of Clinical Toxicology. He is an alumnus of the Washington University KL2 Career Development Program. Dr. Baumgartner has also been funded by the Medical Toxicology Foundation, Society for Academic Emergency Medicine Foundation, and Washington University Institute of Clinical and Translational Sciences. He is a member of the editorial boards of Clinical Toxicology and Shock and leads the review board for the Medical Toxicology Foundation Practice Grant. 

Education

  • B.S., Conferred With Departmental Honors & With Distinction, Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 2011
  • M.D., Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, 2015

Training

  • Residency: Barnes Jewish Hospital/ Washington University School of Medicine- Emergency Medicine, St Louis, MO, 2019
  • Medical Toxicology Fellowship: Washington University School of Medicine- Department of Emergency Medicine, St Louis, MO, 2021

Licensure and Board Certification

  • Missouri
  • Board Certified, Emergency Medicine
  • Board Certified, Medical Toxicology
  • Board Certified, Addiction Medicine

Honors and Awards

  • Clinical Research Training Center Scholar of the Year, 2025-2026
  • Golden Microscope Award (Resident Research), WUSM Emergency Medicine Residency, 2025-2026
  • Best Original Research Platform Award, American College of Medical Toxicology Annual Scientific Meeting, 2025
  • Golden Apple Award (Didactic Teaching), WUSM Emergency Medicine Residency, 2024-2025
  • Alpha Omega Alpha, 2024
  • Golden Stethoscope Award (Clinical Teaching), WUSM Emergency Medicine Residency, 2021-2022

Recent Publications

  1. Baumgartner, K., Chakraborty, A., Liss, D.B. et al. Dexmedetomidine in The Treatment of Toxicologic Conditions in The Emergency Department: A Dual-Center Retrospective Observational Cohort Study. J. Med. Toxicol. 22, 364–374 (2026). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13181-026-01145-5
  2. Baumgartner K, Fuller B. Postintubation Sedation and Analgesia in the Emergency Department: The Basics and Beyond. Emergency Medicine Clinics of North America. 2026.
  3. Baumgartner K, Denny K, Montgomery E, Patton C, Shedd M, Yeary J, Yaeger LH, Griffey RT, Fuller BM, Interventions to improve emergency department postintubation sedation and analgesia: a systematic review, American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy, 2026;, zxag173
  4. Aldy K, Li S, Costantini M, Falise A, Culbreth R, Wax PM, Brent J; Toxicology Investigators Consortium Study Group. The Toxicology Investigators Consortium 2024 Annual Report. J Med Toxicol. 2026 Jan;22(1):2-28. doi: 10.1007/s13181-025-01099-0. Epub 2026 Jan 7. PMID: 41501581; PMCID: PMC12834888.
  5. Baumgartner K, McElroy M, Weiss T, Yaeger LH, Ancona RM, Griffey RT, Cole JB, Fuller BM. Post-intubation sedation in the emergency department: A scoping review. Am J Emerg Med. 2026 Feb;100:30-38. doi: 10.1016/j.ajem.2025.11.008. Epub 2025 Nov 11. PMID: 41252789; PMCID: PMC13227506.
  6. Baumgartner K, Dicker F, Nguyen KL, Jafari C, Lothet E, Salmo E, Kaser T, Berg S, Liss DB, Ancona RM, Mullins ME. Crotalidae polyvalent immune Fab (ovine) dosing in Agkistrodon contortrix envenomation: a single-center retrospective cohort study. Clin Toxicol (Phila). 2025 Oct;63(10):746-753. doi: 10.1080/15563650.2025.2530591. Epub 2025 Aug 7. PMID: 40772631.
  7. Nguyen, K. L. R., Baumgartner, K. T., & Mullins, M. E. (2025). A modified severity scoring system for evaluation of snakebites. Toxicology Communications, 9(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/24734306.2025.2515352
  8. Baumgartner K, Liss DB, Mullins ME, Strand AJ, Boley SP, Cole JB. Two cases of deliberate elemental arsenic ingestion with no apparent toxicologic consequences. Clin Toxicol (Phila). 2025 Jun;63(6):442-444. doi: 10.1080/15563650.2025.2496223. Epub 2025 Jun 2. Erratum in: Clin Toxicol (Phila). 2025 Aug;63(8):607. doi: 10.1080/15563650.2025.2543627. PMID: 40455073.
  9. Baumgartner K, Liss D. Glycerol intoxication: slush ice drinks and toxicosurveillance. Arch Dis Child. 2025 Jul 18;110(8):583. doi: 10.1136/archdischild-2025-328618. PMID: 40169177; PMCID: PMC12276994.
  10. Wynia E, Baumgartner K, Yaeger LH, Ancona R, Wiltrakis S, Fuller BM. Postintubation Sedation of Pediatric Patients in the Emergency Department: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Pediatr Emerg Care. 2025 Apr 1;41(4):e19-e26. doi: 10.1097/PEC.0000000000003325. Epub 2025 Jan 8. PMID: 39773921.
  11. Xu KY, Baumgartner KT, Shankar S, Huckenpahler A, Glaser PE. Energy Drinks: A Clinical Primer and National Data Update. Mo Med. 2024 Nov-Dec;121(6):481-488. PMID: 39697583; PMCID: PMC11651273.
  12. De Monnin KS, Terian E, Yeary J, Bathon E, Asaro P, Mintz CM, Baumgartner K. Emergency department initiation of pharmacotherapy for alcohol use disorder: A retrospective cohort study. Acad Emerg Med. 2024 May;31(5):525-528. doi: 10.1111/acem.14819. Epub 2023 Oct 29. PMID: 37822078; PMCID: PMC11006820.
  13. Borgundvaag B, Bellolio F, Miles I, Schwarz ES, Sharif S, Su MK, Baumgartner K, Liss DB, Sheikh H, Vogel J, Austin EB, Upadhye S, Klaiman M, Vellend R, Munkley A, Carpenter CR. Guidelines for Reasonable and Appropriate Care in the Emergency Department (GRACE-4): Alcohol use disorder and cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome management in the emergency department. Acad Emerg Med. 2024 May;31(5):425-455. doi: 10.1111/acem.14911. PMID: 38747203.
  14. Hughes A, Amaducci A, Campleman SL, Li S, Costantini M, Spyres MB, Spungen H, Kent J, Falise A, Culbreth R, Wax PM, Brent J, Aldy K; Toxicology Investigators Consortium Study Group. The Toxicology Investigators Consortium 2023 Annual Report. J Med Toxicol. 2024 Oct;20(4):350-380. doi: 10.1007/s13181-024-01033-w. Epub 2024 Sep 10. PMID: 39256327; PMCID: PMC11436580.
  15. Baumgartner K, Joseph M, Lothet E, Fuller BM. Dexmedetomidine in the emergency department: A prospective observational cohort study. Acad Emerg Med. 2024 Mar;31(3):263-272. doi: 10.1111/acem.14842. Epub 2024 Feb 9. PMID: 38060343.
  16. Alexandra Amaducci, Sharan L Campleman, Shao Li… Toxicology Investigators Consortium Study Group. The Toxicology Investigators Consortium 2022 Annual Report. J Med Toxicol. 2023 Aug 29. Online ahead of print.
  17. Neta Cohen, Matthew Mathew, Jeffrey Brent… Kevin Baumgartner, et al. Severe outcomes following pediatric cannabis intoxication: a prospective cohort study of an international toxicology surveillance registry. Clin Toxicol. 2023 Aug 21;1-8. Online ahead of print.
  18. Love JS, Karshenas DL, Spyres MB, Farrugia LA, Kang AM, Nguyen H, Campleman SL, Li S, Wax PM, Brent J, Aldy K; Toxicology Investigators Consortium Study Group. The Toxicology Investigators Consortium Case Registry-the 2021 Annual Report. J Med Toxicol. 2022 Oct;18(4):267-296. doi: 10.1007/s13181-022-00910-6. Epub 2022 Sep 7. PMID: 36070069; PMCID: PMC9450833.
  19. Baumgartner K, Groff V, Yaeger LH, Fuller BM. The use of dexmedetomidine in the emergency department: A systematic review. Acad Emerg Med. 2023 Mar;30(3):196-208. doi: 10.1111/acem.14636. Epub 2022 Dec 19. Review. PubMed PMID: 36448276.
  20. Basse J, Ruha AM, Baumgartner K, Mullins ME, Greene S, Wax PM, Brent J, Campleman S, Schwarz ES. Clinical Presentations, Treatments, and Outcomes of Non-native Snake Envenomations in the United States Reported in the North American Snakebite Registry. J Med Toxicol. 2023 Jan;19(1):16-25. doi: 10.1007/s13181-022-00912-4. Epub 2022 Sep 29. PubMed PMID: 36175787; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC9813297.
  21. Baumgartner K, Doering And M, Mullins ME. Dexmedetomidine in the treatment of toxicologic conditions: a systematic review and review of the toxicology investigators consortium database. Clin Toxicol (Phila). 2022 Dec;60(12):1356-1375. doi: 10.1080/15563650.2022.2138761. Epub 2022 Nov 8. PubMed PMID: 36346349.
  22. Baumgartner K, Liss D, Devgun J, Mullins ME, Schwarz E. Management of Toxin-Related Seizures. Ann Emerg Med. 2022 Dec;80(6):572-573. doi: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2022.07.029. PubMed PMID: 36404003.
  23. Stephens RJ, Filip AB, Baumgartner KT, Schwarz ES, Liss DB. Benzonatate Overdose Presenting as Cardiac Arrest with Rapidly Narrowing QRS Interval. J Med Toxicol. 2022 Oct;18(4):344-349. doi: 10.1007/s13181-022-00904-4. Epub 2022 Jul 5. PubMed PMID: 35790679; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC9492832.
  24. Baumgartner K, Fishburn S, Mullins ME. Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs Are Safe and Appropriate for the Treatment of Copperhead Envenomations. Wilderness Environ Med. 2022 Sep;33(3):361. doi: 10.1016/j.wem.2022.04.007. Epub 2022 May 27. PubMed PMID: 35644736.
  25. Baumgartner K, Salmo E, Liss D, Devgun J, Mullins M, Galati B, Kelly J, Schwarz E. Transdermal buprenorphine for in-hospital transition from full agonist opioids to sublingual buprenorphine: a retrospective observational cohort study. Clin Toxicol (Phila). 2022 Jun;60(6):688-693. doi: 10.1080/15563650.2022.2028802. Epub 2022 Jan 20. PubMed PMID: 35048759.
  26. Mullins ME, Schwarz ES, Liss DB, Devgun JM, Baumgartner KT. Comment on “Crotalidae Polyvalent Immune Fab and Cost-Effective Management of Hospital Admissions for Snakebites”. Am Surg. 2022 Jun;88(6):1379-1380. doi: 10.1177/00031348221078965. Epub 2022 Apr 3. PubMed PMID: 35373591.
  27. Mullins ME, Schwarz ES, Liss DB, Baumgartner KT, Devgun JM. How Should Native Crotalid Envenomation Be Managed in the Emergency Department?. J Emerg Med. 2022 Jan;62(1):131-132. doi: 10.1016/j.jemermed.2021.07.022. PubMed PMID: 35090730.
  28. Mullins ME, Freeman WE, Baumgartner KT. Use of lay media for epidemiology of snakebite fatality. Am J Emerg Med. 2021 Sep;47:287-288. doi: 10.1016/j.ajem.2021.05.059. Epub 2021 May 25. PubMed PMID: 34083110.
  29. Baumgartner K, Devgun J. Toxicology of Medications for Diabetes Mellitus. Crit Care Clin. 2021 Jul;37(3):577-589. doi: 10.1016/j.ccc.2021.03.007. Review. PubMed PMID: 34053707.
  30. Baumgartner K, Filip A, Liss D, Devgun J, Schwarz E, Mullins M. N-acetylcysteine for acetaminophen toxicity: The one-bag regimen. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2021 May;87(5):2399-2400. doi: 10.1111/bcp.14631. Epub 2020 Nov 15. PubMed PMID: 33190332.
  31. Baumgartner K, Mullins M. Pediatric clonidine and guanfacine poisoning: a single-center retrospective review. Toxicology communications. 2021 February; 5(1):61-65. doi: 10.1080/24734306.2021.1878322.
  32. Baumgartner K, Doering M, Schwarz E. Vilazodone poisoning: a systematic review. Clin Toxicol (Phila). 2020 May;58(5):360-367. doi: 10.1080/15563650.2019.1691221. Epub 2019 Nov 28. PubMed PMID: 31777303.
  33. Baumgartner K, Mullins M. Management of Copperhead Snake Envenomation. Case Reports in Acute Medicine. 2020 January. doi: 10.1159/000505420.
  34. Baumgartner KT, Fishburn SJ, Mullins ME. Current Management of Copperhead Snakebites in Missouri. Mo Med. 2019 May-Jun;116(3):201-205. PubMed PMID: 31527942; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC6690278.
  35. Antonoff MB, Puri V, Meyers BF, Baumgartner K, Bell JM, Broderick S, Krupnick AS, Kreisel D, Patterson GA, Crabtree TD. Comparison of pyloric intervention strategies at the time of esophagectomy: is more better?. Ann Thorac Surg. 2014 Jun;97(6):1950-7; discussion 1657-8. doi: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2014.02.046. Epub 2014 Apr 21. PubMed PMID: 24751155; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4140218.

Book Chapters

  1. Devgun J, Baumgartner K, and Mullins ME. Toxicology. In: Washington Manual of Medical Therapeutics, 37th Edition. Ed. Siri Ancha, Christine Auberle, Devin Cash, et al. Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer; 2023. P. 1003-1060
  2. Baumgartner K and Brooks C. Hematologic emergencies: sickle cell disease. In: Washington Manual of Emergency Medicine Ed. Mark D. Levine & W. Scott Gilmore. Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer; 2018. P. 176-179

Letters to the Editor

  1. Baumgartner K, Mullins M. Management of copperhead snake envenomation. Case Rep Acute Med. 2020; 3:1-3
  2. Baumgartner K, Filip A, Liss D, et al. N-acetylcysteine for acetaminophen toxicity: The one-bag regimen. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2021;87(5):2399-2400
  3. Mullins ME, Freeman WE, Baumgartner KT. Use of lay media for epidemiology of snakebite fatality. Am J Emerg Med. 2021;47:287-288.
  4. Mullins ME, Schwarz ES, Liss DB, Baumgartner KT, Devgun JM. How should native crotalid envenomation be managed in the emergency department? J Emerg Med. 2022;62(1):131-132
  5. Baumgartner K, Fishburn S, Mullins ME. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are safe and appropriate for the treatment of copperhead envenomations. Wilderness Environ Med. 2022. E-publication ahead of press.
  6. Mullins ME, Schwarz ES, Liss DB, Devgun JM, Baumgartner KT. Comment on “Crotalidae Polyvalent Immune Fab and Cost-Effective Management of Hospital Admissions for Snakebites” Am Surg. 2022;88(6):1379-1380
  7. Baumgartner K, Liss D, Devgun J, et al. “Management of toxin-related seizures.” Ann Emerg Med. 2022;80(6):572-573
  8. Mullins ME, Lothet E, Baumgartner KT, Liss DB. “Comments on the AGA Clinical Practice Update on Diagnosis and Management of Cannabinoid Hyperemesis Syndrome.” Gastroenterology. 2024; 167(5):1055-1056
  9. Baumgartner K, Nguyen KL, Berg S, et al. Emergency department treatment of fentanyl and xylazine withdrawal: some concerns. Am J Emerg Med. 2025;88:250-251
  10. Baumgartner K, Liss DB, Mullins ME. “Antivenom Administration Strategies in Pediatric Snake Envenomation.” Pediatr Emerg Care. 2025;41(6):e30

Recent Speaking Events

“Treatment of opioid use disorder in the hospitalized patient,” Grand Rounds, St. Louis University, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, May 5th 2022

“Evolving approaches to buprenorphine induction,” Columbia University, Addiction Psychiatry T32 Fellowship, April 18th 2024

“Opioid use disorder in trauma patients: from pre-hospital to post-acute care.” Trends in Trauma Conference, Barnes-Jewish Hospital, May 7th, 2024

“Updates in substance use disorders.” [Panel member] Gateway Hospital Medicine Conference, Washington University School of Medicine, May 2nd, 2025

“Treatment of Opioid Use Disorder in the Hospitalized Patient,” Deaconess Health System, October 28th, 2025